What is the function of mucous membranes in the immune system?

Mucous membranes play a vital role in the immune system primarily by trapping and resisting microbes. They line various passages in the body that are exposed to external environments, such as the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts. The mucus produced by these membranes contains antimicrobial peptides, enzymes, and antibodies that help to neutralize pathogens and prevent them from entering the body.

Additionally, the sticky nature of mucus traps dust, pathogens, and other foreign particles, which can then be cleared away by cilia or through swallowing. This trapping mechanism serves as a critical first line of defense, helping to prevent infections and maintaining overall health. By effectively capturing and resisting microbes, mucous membranes contribute significantly to the innate immune response, protecting the underlying tissues from potential harm.