What is the primary function of monoclonal antibodies in therapy?

The primary function of monoclonal antibodies in therapy is to specifically detect and target antigens. Monoclonal antibodies are identical copies of immune cells that are produced to bind to a specific epitope on an antigen, which allows for a precise targeting mechanism in various therapeutic applications. This specificity makes them highly effective in treating a variety of diseases, including cancers, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases, by allowing for directed actions against diseased cells or pathogens.

By binding precisely to their target antigens, monoclonal antibodies can mark these cells for destruction by other components of the immune system, block the function of harmful proteins, or carry drugs, toxins, or radioactive substances directly to the target cells. Their ability to be engineered for high specificity and affinity allows researchers and clinicians to develop tailored treatments that minimize damage to healthy cells, enhancing the overall effectiveness of targeted therapies.